Hi, I have tried to understand 'make oldconfig' command while configurating kernel. I do some experiments and get the following ideas: 1. When there is no a .config in /usr/src/linux, (1) If there is no a /boot/config-x.y.z, make will ask some questions and then produce a .config. (2) Otherwise, make will copy the /boot/config-x.y.z to /usr/src/linux/.config. My question: According to the messages generated by make, I get that both 'make defconfig' and 'make oldconfig' will gerenate .config based on 'i386_defconfig'. Why does 'make oldconfig' ask some questions, while 'make defconfig' does not? 2. When there is a .config in /usr/src/linux indeed, make do nothing but generate a copy of .config, namely .config.old. My question: According to Love, "After making changes to your configuration file, or when using an existing configuration file on a new kernel tree, you can validate and update the configuration: make oldconfig." But, whether I edit .config and make some changes or I copy an existing .config into /usr/src/linux, 'make oldconfig' seems do nothing. So, how can I understand 'make oldconfig' in this case?