Hi, I tried to compile the mainline kernel on a Rasperry PI 32-Bit OS. Here the commands for preparation: make ARCH=arm64 KERNEL=kernel8 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- defconfig make ARCH=arm64 KERNEL=kernel8 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- -j4 Image.gz modules dtbs kernel@raspberrypi:~/Documents/git/staging $ git status On branch staging-testing Your branch is up to date with 'origin/staging-testing'. nothing to commit, working tree clean kernel@raspberrypi:~/Documents/git/staging $ I think that the compillation should work no matther if it is 32Bit or 64Bit. See below: AS arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/../../../lib/memcpy.nvhe.o AS arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/../../../lib/memset.nvhe.o CC kernel/time/timer_list.o HOSTCC arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c: In function ‘section_by_off’: arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:163:33: warning: format ‘%lu’ expects argument of type ‘long unsigned int’, but argument 4 has type ‘Elf64_Off’ {aka ‘long long unsigned int’} [-Wformat=] 163 | fprintf(stderr, "error: %s: " fmt "\n", \ | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:183:25: note: in expansion of macro ‘fatal_error’ 183 | fatal_error("assertion " #lhs " " #op " " #rhs \ | ^~~~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:190:41: note: in expansion of macro ‘assert_op’ 190 | #define assert_ne(lhs, rhs, fmt) assert_op(lhs, rhs, fmt, !=) | ^~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:230:9: note: in expansion of macro ‘assert_ne’ 230 | assert_ne(off, 0UL, "%lu"); | ^~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c: In function ‘init_elf’: arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:163:33: warning: format ‘%lu’ expects argument of type ‘long unsigned int’, but argument 4 has type ‘__off64_t’ {aka ‘long long int’} [-Wformat=] 163 | fprintf(stderr, "error: %s: " fmt "\n", \ | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:183:25: note: in expansion of macro ‘fatal_error’ 183 | fatal_error("assertion " #lhs " " #op " " #rhs \ | ^~~~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:192:41: note: in expansion of macro ‘assert_op’ 192 | #define assert_ge(lhs, rhs, fmt) assert_op(lhs, rhs, fmt, >=) | ^~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:276:9: note: in expansion of macro ‘assert_ge’ 276 | assert_ge(stat.st_size, sizeof(*elf.ehdr), "%lu"); | ^~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:163:33: warning: format ‘%lu’ expects argument of type ‘long unsigned int’, but argument 5 has type ‘unsigned int’ [-Wformat=] 163 | fprintf(stderr, "error: %s: " fmt "\n", \ | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:183:25: note: in expansion of macro ‘fatal_error’ 183 | fatal_error("assertion " #lhs " " #op " " #rhs \ | ^~~~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:192:41: note: in expansion of macro ‘assert_op’ 192 | #define assert_ge(lhs, rhs, fmt) assert_op(lhs, rhs, fmt, >=) | ^~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:276:9: note: in expansion of macro ‘assert_ge’ 276 | assert_ge(stat.st_size, sizeof(*elf.ehdr), "%lu"); | ^~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c: In function ‘emit_rela_abs64’: arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:340:26: warning: format ‘%lu’ expects argument of type ‘long unsigned int’, but argument 2 has type ‘size_t’ {aka ‘unsigned int’} [-Wformat=] 340 | printf(".reloc %lu, R_AARCH64_PREL32, %s%s + 0x%lx\n", | ~~^ | | | long unsigned int | %u 341 | reloc_offset, HYP_SECTION_SYMBOL_PREFIX, sh_orig_name, | ~~~~~~~~~~~~ | | | size_t {aka unsigned int} arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:340:58: warning: format ‘%lx’ expects argument of type ‘long unsigned int’, but argument 5 has type ‘__uint64_t’ {aka ‘long long unsigned int’} [-Wformat=] 340 | printf(".reloc %lu, R_AARCH64_PREL32, %s%s + 0x%lx\n", | ~~^ | | | long unsigned int | %llx arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c: In function ‘emit_rela_section’: arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:163:33: warning: format ‘%lx’ expects argument of type ‘long unsigned int’, but argument 4 has type ‘__uint64_t’ {aka ‘long long unsigned int’} [-Wformat=] 163 | fprintf(stderr, "error: %s: " fmt "\n", \ | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:183:25: note: in expansion of macro ‘fatal_error’ 183 | fatal_error("assertion " #lhs " " #op " " #rhs \ | ^~~~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:191:41: note: in expansion of macro ‘assert_op’ 191 | #define assert_lt(lhs, rhs, fmt) assert_op(lhs, rhs, fmt, <) | ^~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:376:17: note: in expansion of macro ‘assert_lt’ 376 | assert_lt(elf64toh(rela->r_offset), elf64toh(sh_orig->sh_size), "0x%lx"); | ^~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:163:33: warning: format ‘%lx’ expects argument of type ‘long unsigned int’, but argument 5 has type ‘__uint64_t’ {aka ‘long long unsigned int’} [-Wformat=] 163 | fprintf(stderr, "error: %s: " fmt "\n", \ | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:183:25: note: in expansion of macro ‘fatal_error’ 183 | fatal_error("assertion " #lhs " " #op " " #rhs \ | ^~~~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:191:41: note: in expansion of macro ‘assert_op’ 191 | #define assert_lt(lhs, rhs, fmt) assert_op(lhs, rhs, fmt, <) | ^~~~~~~~~ arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/gen-hyprel.c:376:17: note: in expansion of macro ‘assert_lt’ 376 | assert_lt(elf64toh(rela->r_offset), elf64toh(sh_orig->sh_size), "0x%lx"); | ^~~~~~~~~ LD arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/kvm_nvhe.tmp.o HYPREL arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/hyp-reloc.S AS arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/hyp-reloc.o LD arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/kvm_nvhe.rel.o HYPCOPY arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/kvm_nvhe.o Bye Philipp