Where is the system call table in linux kernel v3.9?
Hi Guys, I am a newbie to linux kernel and I am trying to do some of the exercises/examples of the Linux Kernel Development book by Robert Love. For the moment I'm trying to create a system call (Chapter 5) but I am unable to do the first step which states the following: "Add an entry to the end of the system call table.This needs to be done for each architecture that supports the system call (which, for most calls, is all the architectures).The position of the syscall in the table, starting at zero, is its system call number. For example, the tenth entry in the list is assigned syscall number nine." My problem is that I am unable to find the file that holds the table. In the book the file that needs to be changed is the entry.S but it no longers exists in v3.9. In an example that I have found on the internet, which is done using v3.0, the file to change is syscall_table_32.S. But I've got the same problem, it doesn't exist. So anybody can help me to find the table? I know that I should be using v2.6 of the kernel but I don't know if that version will work with the distribution that I'm using. The question is also in stackoverflow so if someone wants to answer there I won't have any problem. The link to the page is the following: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17652555/where-is-the-system-call-table-i... -- Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>
Hi In 3.10.1 the system call table is in arch/x86/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl . Should be same in 3.9 also. Regards Sudip On Thu, Jul 18, 2013 at 2:34 PM, Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com> wrote:
Hi Guys,
I am a newbie to linux kernel and I am trying to do some of the exercises/examples of the Linux Kernel Development book by Robert Love. For the moment I'm trying to create a system call (Chapter 5) but I am unable to do the first step which states the following: "Add an entry to the end of the system call table.This needs to be done for each architecture that supports the system call (which, for most calls, is all the architectures).The position of the syscall in the table, starting at zero, is its system call number. For example, the tenth entry in the list is assigned syscall number nine."
My problem is that I am unable to find the file that holds the table. In the book the file that needs to be changed is the entry.S but it no longers exists in v3.9. In an example that I have found on the internet, which is done using v3.0, the file to change is syscall_table_32.S. But I've got the same problem, it doesn't exist. So anybody can help me to find the table? I know that I should be using v2.6 of the kernel but I don't know if that version will work with the distribution that I'm using.
The question is also in stackoverflow so if someone wants to answer there I won't have any problem. The link to the page is the following: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17652555/where-is-the-system-call-table-i...
-- Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>
_______________________________________________ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Hi Iker Pedrosa, In old versions of Linux kernels like 2.6.xx, the approach was different from Linux version 3.3 on wards. There are two different approaches to implement own system call. Each approach involves several steps. The difference between two approaches is, in one approach, we implement our system call in already existing file of kernel sources. In another approach, we created our own directory in kernel source which contains our system call implementation files. Ans in this second approach, we need to modify the Kernel Makefiles and Configuration files to include our newly created directory and its contents. First let us implement using the first approach. The following approach was successfully tested in Linux kernel 3.5.7 version sources for x86 32-bit architecture. Here are the steps to create our own system call in the existing kernel sources. The paths given below are relative paths from /usr/src/linux. 1. Generally, add the function (system call) definition in kernel/sys.c file. /* this is the implementation of our system call */ asmlinkage long sys_helloworld(void) { printk(KERN_EMERG "Hello, world!\n"); return 0; } 2. Add the function prototype in the header file include/linux/syscalls.h asmlinkage long sys_helloworld(void); 3. Create an entry in system call table in the file arch/x86/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl 350 i386 helloworld sys_helloworld Note: In my case already table had 349 offsets, so I added it as 350. 4. If we want to create our own kernel images, then change the EXTRAVERSION in the main Makefile available at /usr/src/linux EXTRAVERSION = .ownsyscall 5. Then, build the modules from the main directory with the following. make menuconfig --- Just save and exit. make modules make modules_install make install 6. Now, reboot with our own image. 7. Write a simple C application for calling the our own system call. #include <stdio.h> /* sys_helloworld 350 */ int main () { syscall(350); /* 350 is our system calls offset number */ return 0; } I hope, you understand it clearly and it helps you. Based on this, you can practice the second approach. It needs of creating our own directory and files (C, Makefile, Kconfig) and modifications required in architecture specific Kconfig. Regards, Srinivas. On Thu, Jul 18, 2013 at 2:34 PM, Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>wrote:
Hi Guys,
I am a newbie to linux kernel and I am trying to do some of the exercises/examples of the Linux Kernel Development book by Robert Love. For the moment I'm trying to create a system call (Chapter 5) but I am unable to do the first step which states the following: "Add an entry to the end of the system call table.This needs to be done for each architecture that supports the system call (which, for most calls, is all the architectures).The position of the syscall in the table, starting at zero, is its system call number. For example, the tenth entry in the list is assigned syscall number nine."
My problem is that I am unable to find the file that holds the table. In the book the file that needs to be changed is the entry.S but it no longers exists in v3.9. In an example that I have found on the internet, which is done using v3.0, the file to change is syscall_table_32.S. But I've got the same problem, it doesn't exist. So anybody can help me to find the table? I know that I should be using v2.6 of the kernel but I don't know if that version will work with the distribution that I'm using.
The question is also in stackoverflow so if someone wants to answer there I won't have any problem. The link to the page is the following: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17652555/where-is-the-system-call-table-i...
-- Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>
_______________________________________________ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Dear Srinivas, Thank you for the excellent explanation here. Now I need to ask a question in this context since we are discussing system calls. We all know that system-calls are for user-space. I have a file-system driver where I have to use system calls in kernel-space. Normally, we DON'T do any high level IOs from Kernel space (file creation/reading, and so on). But here in my driver I am stacking FS drivers, I can't avoid this. This is partly because Linux kernel can't handle FS stacking (this wouldn't be an issue for Windows, for instance, which supports stacking), The simple (and legal) way to create a dir/file whatever is to call system calls, like, for instance sys_mkdir. The problem is that I am not in a context where I can call these. Because they expect a call from user mode, while I am in kernel mode. This is even why I implemented macros such as: https://github.com/HeisSpiter/hepunion/blob/master/fs/hepunion/hepunion.h#L3.... This one disables all checks from user mode calls, since I am in kernel. And this allows calling system calls. This is not a good way so can you provide any alternative. Regards, Saket Sinha On Fri, Jul 19, 2013 at 12:15 PM, Srinivas Ganji < srinivasganji.kernel@gmail.com> wrote:
Hi Iker Pedrosa,
In old versions of Linux kernels like 2.6.xx, the approach was different from Linux version 3.3 on wards.
There are two different approaches to implement own system call. Each approach involves several steps. The difference between two approaches is, in one approach, we implement our system call in already existing file of kernel sources. In another approach, we created our own directory in kernel source which contains our system call implementation files. Ans in this second approach, we need to modify the Kernel Makefiles and Configuration files to include our newly created directory and its contents. First let us implement using the first approach.
The following approach was successfully tested in Linux kernel 3.5.7 version sources for x86 32-bit architecture.
Here are the steps to create our own system call in the existing kernel sources. The paths given below are relative paths from /usr/src/linux.
1. Generally, add the function (system call) definition in kernel/sys.c file.
/* this is the implementation of our system call */ asmlinkage long sys_helloworld(void) { printk(KERN_EMERG "Hello, world!\n"); return 0; }
2. Add the function prototype in the header file include/linux/syscalls.h
asmlinkage long sys_helloworld(void);
3. Create an entry in system call table in the file arch/x86/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl
350 i386 helloworld sys_helloworld
Note: In my case already table had 349 offsets, so I added it as 350.
4. If we want to create our own kernel images, then change the EXTRAVERSION in the main Makefile available at /usr/src/linux
EXTRAVERSION = .ownsyscall
5. Then, build the modules from the main directory with the following.
make menuconfig --- Just save and exit. make modules make modules_install make install
6. Now, reboot with our own image.
7. Write a simple C application for calling the our own system call.
#include <stdio.h>
/* sys_helloworld 350 */ int main () { syscall(350); /* 350 is our system calls offset number */ return 0; }
I hope, you understand it clearly and it helps you. Based on this, you can practice the second approach. It needs of creating our own directory and files (C, Makefile, Kconfig) and modifications required in architecture specific Kconfig.
Regards, Srinivas.
On Thu, Jul 18, 2013 at 2:34 PM, Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>wrote:
Hi Guys,
I am a newbie to linux kernel and I am trying to do some of the exercises/examples of the Linux Kernel Development book by Robert Love. For the moment I'm trying to create a system call (Chapter 5) but I am unable to do the first step which states the following: "Add an entry to the end of the system call table.This needs to be done for each architecture that supports the system call (which, for most calls, is all the architectures).The position of the syscall in the table, starting at zero, is its system call number. For example, the tenth entry in the list is assigned syscall number nine."
My problem is that I am unable to find the file that holds the table. In the book the file that needs to be changed is the entry.S but it no longers exists in v3.9. In an example that I have found on the internet, which is done using v3.0, the file to change is syscall_table_32.S. But I've got the same problem, it doesn't exist. So anybody can help me to find the table? I know that I should be using v2.6 of the kernel but I don't know if that version will work with the distribution that I'm using.
The question is also in stackoverflow so if someone wants to answer there I won't have any problem. The link to the page is the following: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17652555/where-is-the-system-call-table-i...
-- Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>
_______________________________________________ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
_______________________________________________ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Hi, On Fri, Jul 19, 2013 at 12:53 PM, Saket Sinha <saket.sinha89@gmail.com> wrote:
Normally, we DON'T do any high level IOs from Kernel space (file creation/reading, and so on). But here in my driver I am stacking FS drivers, I can't avoid this. This is partly because Linux kernel can't handle FS stacking (this wouldn't be an issue for Windows, for instance, which supports stacking),
You can even use filp_open(), vfs_read(), vfs_write() if sys_* is not available https://github.com/prashants/km/blob/master/filerw/filerw.c Regards.
On Fri, 19 Jul 2013 13:25:35 +0530, Prashant Shah said:
You can even use filp_open(), vfs_read(), vfs_write() if sys_* is not available https://github.com/prashants/km/blob/master/filerw/filerw.c
The reasons to not do file I/O from inside the kernel are many and well documented. Of course, if you're trying to do something like unionfs or fuse, you may not have a choice. And if you're doing something like that, it is probablly better to *avoid* using the sys_* calls even if they are available, but instead use filp_open() and the vfs_ functions.
Thank you very much to everybody. I've tried Sudip Mukherjee's approach and it has worked (the table is in arch/x86/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl). Now, I'm going to try to create my own directory in kernel source which contains my system call implementation files as Srinivas Ganji has proposed. On Fri, 19 Jul 2013 12:15:44 +0530 Srinivas Ganji <srinivasganji.kernel@gmail.com> wrote:
Hi Iker Pedrosa,
In old versions of Linux kernels like 2.6.xx, the approach was different from Linux version 3.3 on wards.
There are two different approaches to implement own system call. Each approach involves several steps. The difference between two approaches is, in one approach, we implement our system call in already existing file of kernel sources. In another approach, we created our own directory in kernel source which contains our system call implementation files. Ans in this second approach, we need to modify the Kernel Makefiles and Configuration files to include our newly created directory and its contents. First let us implement using the first approach.
The following approach was successfully tested in Linux kernel 3.5.7 version sources for x86 32-bit architecture.
Here are the steps to create our own system call in the existing kernel sources. The paths given below are relative paths from /usr/src/linux.
1. Generally, add the function (system call) definition in kernel/sys.c file.
/* this is the implementation of our system call */ asmlinkage long sys_helloworld(void) { printk(KERN_EMERG "Hello, world!\n"); return 0; }
2. Add the function prototype in the header file include/linux/syscalls.h
asmlinkage long sys_helloworld(void);
3. Create an entry in system call table in the file arch/x86/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl
350 i386 helloworld sys_helloworld
Note: In my case already table had 349 offsets, so I added it as 350.
4. If we want to create our own kernel images, then change the EXTRAVERSION in the main Makefile available at /usr/src/linux
EXTRAVERSION = .ownsyscall
5. Then, build the modules from the main directory with the following.
make menuconfig --- Just save and exit. make modules make modules_install make install
6. Now, reboot with our own image.
7. Write a simple C application for calling the our own system call.
#include <stdio.h>
/* sys_helloworld 350 */ int main () { syscall(350); /* 350 is our system calls offset number */ return 0; }
I hope, you understand it clearly and it helps you. Based on this, you can practice the second approach. It needs of creating our own directory and files (C, Makefile, Kconfig) and modifications required in architecture specific Kconfig.
Regards, Srinivas.
On Thu, Jul 18, 2013 at 2:34 PM, Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>wrote:
Hi Guys,
I am a newbie to linux kernel and I am trying to do some of the exercises/examples of the Linux Kernel Development book by Robert Love. For the moment I'm trying to create a system call (Chapter 5) but I am unable to do the first step which states the following: "Add an entry to the end of the system call table.This needs to be done for each architecture that supports the system call (which, for most calls, is all the architectures).The position of the syscall in the table, starting at zero, is its system call number. For example, the tenth entry in the list is assigned syscall number nine."
My problem is that I am unable to find the file that holds the table. In the book the file that needs to be changed is the entry.S but it no longers exists in v3.9. In an example that I have found on the internet, which is done using v3.0, the file to change is syscall_table_32.S. But I've got the same problem, it doesn't exist. So anybody can help me to find the table? I know that I should be using v2.6 of the kernel but I don't know if that version will work with the distribution that I'm using.
The question is also in stackoverflow so if someone wants to answer there I won't have any problem. The link to the page is the following: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17652555/where-is-the-system-call-table-i...
-- Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>
_______________________________________________ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
-- Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>
Hi Iker Pedrosa, Have you completed with your own directory implementation? If you see any issues, please let me know. Regards, Srinivas. On Sat, Jul 20, 2013 at 4:13 PM, Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>wrote:
Thank you very much to everybody. I've tried Sudip Mukherjee's approach and it has worked (the table is in arch/x86/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl). Now, I'm going to try to create my own directory in kernel source which contains my system call implementation files as Srinivas Ganji has proposed.
On Fri, 19 Jul 2013 12:15:44 +0530 Srinivas Ganji <srinivasganji.kernel@gmail.com> wrote:
Hi Iker Pedrosa,
In old versions of Linux kernels like 2.6.xx, the approach was different from Linux version 3.3 on wards.
There are two different approaches to implement own system call. Each approach involves several steps. The difference between two approaches is, in one approach, we implement our system call in already existing file of kernel sources. In another approach, we created our own directory in kernel source which contains our system call implementation files. Ans in this second approach, we need to modify the Kernel Makefiles and Configuration files to include our newly created directory and its contents. First let us implement using the first approach.
The following approach was successfully tested in Linux kernel 3.5.7 version sources for x86 32-bit architecture.
Here are the steps to create our own system call in the existing kernel sources. The paths given below are relative paths from /usr/src/linux.
1. Generally, add the function (system call) definition in kernel/sys.c file.
/* this is the implementation of our system call */ asmlinkage long sys_helloworld(void) { printk(KERN_EMERG "Hello, world!\n"); return 0; }
2. Add the function prototype in the header file include/linux/syscalls.h
asmlinkage long sys_helloworld(void);
3. Create an entry in system call table in the file arch/x86/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl
350 i386 helloworld sys_helloworld
Note: In my case already table had 349 offsets, so I added it as 350.
4. If we want to create our own kernel images, then change the EXTRAVERSION in the main Makefile available at /usr/src/linux
EXTRAVERSION = .ownsyscall
5. Then, build the modules from the main directory with the following.
make menuconfig --- Just save and exit. make modules make modules_install make install
6. Now, reboot with our own image.
7. Write a simple C application for calling the our own system call.
#include <stdio.h>
/* sys_helloworld 350 */ int main () { syscall(350); /* 350 is our system calls offset number */ return 0; }
I hope, you understand it clearly and it helps you. Based on this, you can practice the second approach. It needs of creating our own directory and files (C, Makefile, Kconfig) and modifications required in architecture specific Kconfig.
Regards, Srinivas.
On Thu, Jul 18, 2013 at 2:34 PM, Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com wrote:
Hi Guys,
I am a newbie to linux kernel and I am trying to do some of the exercises/examples of the Linux Kernel Development book by Robert Love. For the moment I'm trying to create a system call (Chapter 5) but I am unable to do the first step which states the following: "Add an entry to the end of the system call table.This needs to be done for each architecture that supports the system call (which, for most calls, is all the architectures).The position of the syscall in the table, starting at zero, is its system call number. For example, the tenth entry in the list is assigned syscall number nine."
My problem is that I am unable to find the file that holds the table. In the book the file that needs to be changed is the entry.S but it no longers exists in v3.9. In an example that I have found on the internet, which is done using v3.0, the file to change is syscall_table_32.S. But I've got the same problem, it doesn't exist. So anybody can help me to find the table? I know that I should be using v2.6 of the kernel but I don't know if that version will work with the distribution that I'm using.
The question is also in stackoverflow so if someone wants to answer there I won't have any problem. The link to the page is the following:
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17652555/where-is-the-system-call-table-i...
-- Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>
_______________________________________________ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
-- Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>
Hi Srinivas Ganji, I've already done it. It wasn't very difficult as I have already worked with makefiles. Have you got any other suggestion of an exercise I can do? Thanks you very much again On Tue, 23 Jul 2013 11:11:16 +0530 Srinivas Ganji <srinivasganji.kernel@gmail.com> wrote:
Hi Iker Pedrosa,
Have you completed with your own directory implementation? If you see any issues, please let me know.
Regards, Srinivas.
On Sat, Jul 20, 2013 at 4:13 PM, Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>wrote:
Thank you very much to everybody. I've tried Sudip Mukherjee's approach and it has worked (the table is in arch/x86/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl). Now, I'm going to try to create my own directory in kernel source which contains my system call implementation files as Srinivas Ganji has proposed.
On Fri, 19 Jul 2013 12:15:44 +0530 Srinivas Ganji <srinivasganji.kernel@gmail.com> wrote:
Hi Iker Pedrosa,
In old versions of Linux kernels like 2.6.xx, the approach was different from Linux version 3.3 on wards.
There are two different approaches to implement own system call. Each approach involves several steps. The difference between two approaches is, in one approach, we implement our system call in already existing file of kernel sources. In another approach, we created our own directory in kernel source which contains our system call implementation files. Ans in this second approach, we need to modify the Kernel Makefiles and Configuration files to include our newly created directory and its contents. First let us implement using the first approach.
The following approach was successfully tested in Linux kernel 3.5.7 version sources for x86 32-bit architecture.
Here are the steps to create our own system call in the existing kernel sources. The paths given below are relative paths from /usr/src/linux.
1. Generally, add the function (system call) definition in kernel/sys.c file.
/* this is the implementation of our system call */ asmlinkage long sys_helloworld(void) { printk(KERN_EMERG "Hello, world!\n"); return 0; }
2. Add the function prototype in the header file include/linux/syscalls.h
asmlinkage long sys_helloworld(void);
3. Create an entry in system call table in the file arch/x86/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl
350 i386 helloworld sys_helloworld
Note: In my case already table had 349 offsets, so I added it as 350.
4. If we want to create our own kernel images, then change the EXTRAVERSION in the main Makefile available at /usr/src/linux
EXTRAVERSION = .ownsyscall
5. Then, build the modules from the main directory with the following.
make menuconfig --- Just save and exit. make modules make modules_install make install
6. Now, reboot with our own image.
7. Write a simple C application for calling the our own system call.
#include <stdio.h>
/* sys_helloworld 350 */ int main () { syscall(350); /* 350 is our system calls offset number */ return 0; }
I hope, you understand it clearly and it helps you. Based on this, you can practice the second approach. It needs of creating our own directory and files (C, Makefile, Kconfig) and modifications required in architecture specific Kconfig.
Regards, Srinivas.
On Thu, Jul 18, 2013 at 2:34 PM, Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com wrote:
Hi Guys,
I am a newbie to linux kernel and I am trying to do some of the exercises/examples of the Linux Kernel Development book by Robert Love. For the moment I'm trying to create a system call (Chapter 5) but I am unable to do the first step which states the following: "Add an entry to the end of the system call table.This needs to be done for each architecture that supports the system call (which, for most calls, is all the architectures).The position of the syscall in the table, starting at zero, is its system call number. For example, the tenth entry in the list is assigned syscall number nine."
My problem is that I am unable to find the file that holds the table. In the book the file that needs to be changed is the entry.S but it no longers exists in v3.9. In an example that I have found on the internet, which is done using v3.0, the file to change is syscall_table_32.S. But I've got the same problem, it doesn't exist. So anybody can help me to find the table? I know that I should be using v2.6 of the kernel but I don't know if that version will work with the distribution that I'm using.
The question is also in stackoverflow so if someone wants to answer there I won't have any problem. The link to the page is the following:
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17652555/where-is-the-system-call-table-i...
-- Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>
_______________________________________________ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
-- Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>
-- Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>
Hi Iker Pedrosa, Please look at how to write the Kconfig files. We need to write a new Kconfig file for our own implementation. Regards, Srinivas G. On Tue, Jul 23, 2013 at 3:15 PM, Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>wrote:
Hi Srinivas Ganji,
I've already done it. It wasn't very difficult as I have already worked with makefiles. Have you got any other suggestion of an exercise I can do?
Thanks you very much again
On Tue, 23 Jul 2013 11:11:16 +0530 Srinivas Ganji <srinivasganji.kernel@gmail.com> wrote:
Hi Iker Pedrosa,
Have you completed with your own directory implementation? If you see any issues, please let me know.
Regards, Srinivas.
On Sat, Jul 20, 2013 at 4:13 PM, Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com wrote:
Thank you very much to everybody. I've tried Sudip Mukherjee's approach and it has worked (the table is in arch/x86/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl). Now, I'm going to try to create my own directory in kernel source which contains my system call implementation files as Srinivas Ganji has proposed.
On Fri, 19 Jul 2013 12:15:44 +0530 Srinivas Ganji <srinivasganji.kernel@gmail.com> wrote:
Hi Iker Pedrosa,
In old versions of Linux kernels like 2.6.xx, the approach was different from Linux version 3.3 on wards.
There are two different approaches to implement own system call. Each approach involves several steps. The difference between two approaches is, in one approach, we implement our system call in already existing file of kernel sources. In another approach, we created our own directory in kernel source which contains our system call implementation files. Ans in this second approach, we need to modify the Kernel Makefiles and Configuration files to include our newly created directory and its contents. First let us implement using the first approach.
The following approach was successfully tested in Linux kernel 3.5.7 version sources for x86 32-bit architecture.
Here are the steps to create our own system call in the existing kernel sources. The paths given below are relative paths from /usr/src/linux.
1. Generally, add the function (system call) definition in kernel/sys.c file.
/* this is the implementation of our system call */ asmlinkage long sys_helloworld(void) { printk(KERN_EMERG "Hello, world!\n"); return 0; }
2. Add the function prototype in the header file include/linux/syscalls.h
asmlinkage long sys_helloworld(void);
3. Create an entry in system call table in the file arch/x86/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl
350 i386 helloworld sys_helloworld
Note: In my case already table had 349 offsets, so I added it as 350.
4. If we want to create our own kernel images, then change the EXTRAVERSION in the main Makefile available at /usr/src/linux
EXTRAVERSION = .ownsyscall
5. Then, build the modules from the main directory with the following.
make menuconfig --- Just save and exit. make modules make modules_install make install
6. Now, reboot with our own image.
7. Write a simple C application for calling the our own system call.
#include <stdio.h>
/* sys_helloworld 350 */ int main () { syscall(350); /* 350 is our system calls offset number */ return 0; }
I hope, you understand it clearly and it helps you. Based on this, you can practice the second approach. It needs of creating our own directory and files (C, Makefile, Kconfig) and modifications required in architecture specific Kconfig.
Regards, Srinivas.
On Thu, Jul 18, 2013 at 2:34 PM, Iker Pedrosa < ikerpedrosam@gmail.com wrote:
Hi Guys,
I am a newbie to linux kernel and I am trying to do some of the exercises/examples of the Linux Kernel Development book by Robert Love. For the moment I'm trying to create a system call (Chapter 5) but I am unable to do the first step which states the following: "Add an entry to the end of the system call table.This needs to be done for each architecture that supports the system call (which, for most calls, is all the architectures).The position of the syscall in the table, starting at zero, is its system call number. For example, the tenth entry in the list is assigned syscall number nine."
My problem is that I am unable to find the file that holds the table. In the book the file that needs to be changed is the entry.S but it no longers exists in v3.9. In an example that I have found on the internet, which is done using v3.0, the file to change is syscall_table_32.S. But I've got the same problem, it doesn't exist. So anybody can help me to find the table? I know that I should be using v2.6 of the kernel but I don't know if that version will work with the distribution that I'm using.
The question is also in stackoverflow so if someone wants to answer there I won't have any problem. The link to the page is the following:
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17652555/where-is-the-system-call-table-i...
-- Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>
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-- Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>
-- Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>
On Wed, 24 Jul 2013 17:19:13 +0530 Srinivas Ganji <srinivasganji.kernel@gmail.com> wrote:
Hi Iker Pedrosa,
Please look at how to write the Kconfig files. We need to write a new Kconfig file for our own implementation.
Regards, Srinivas G.
Hi again, I've just created the Kconfig and I have pend it from General setup, it's been a little bit difficult, mainly the part to pend it from General setup. Now, I've got some questions, which is the difference between the following statements? 1) ifdef CONFIG_MY_SYSTEM_CALL obj-y += my_system_calls.o endif 2) obj-(CONFIG_MY_SYSTEM_CALL) += my_system_calls.o Where do I build the object in the object in the second option? Is it done in the same Makefile or in another one? Regards, -- Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>
Generally, obj-y += foo.o This tells kbuild that there is one object in that directory, named foo.o. foo.o will be built from foo.c or foo.S. If foo.o shall be built as a module, the variable obj-m is used. obj-$(CONFIG_FOO) += foo.o $(CONFIG_FOO) evaluates to either y (for built-in) or m (for module). If CONFIG_FOO is neither y nor m, then the file will not be compiled nor linked. The #1 in your case, ifdef i.e. if the compilation flag (in your case CONFIG_MY_SYSTEM_CALL) is defined then only the module is included into the image. I hope this helps you. Regards, Srinivas G. On Wed, Jul 31, 2013 at 3:42 PM, Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>wrote:
On Wed, 24 Jul 2013 17:19:13 +0530 Srinivas Ganji <srinivasganji.kernel@gmail.com> wrote:
Hi Iker Pedrosa,
Please look at how to write the Kconfig files. We need to write a new Kconfig file for our own implementation.
Regards, Srinivas G.
Hi again,
I've just created the Kconfig and I have pend it from General setup, it's been a little bit difficult, mainly the part to pend it from General setup. Now, I've got some questions, which is the difference between the following statements? 1) ifdef CONFIG_MY_SYSTEM_CALL obj-y += my_system_calls.o endif
2) obj-(CONFIG_MY_SYSTEM_CALL) += my_system_calls.o
Where do I build the object in the object in the second option? Is it done in the same Makefile or in another one?
Regards, -- Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@gmail.com>
participants (6)
-
Iker Pedrosa -
Prashant Shah -
Saket Sinha -
Srinivas Ganji -
Sudip Mukherjee -
Valdis.Kletnieks＠vt.edu