I don't know if this is helpful but you could always write a small function to generate these deterministic "random" numbers within your modules themselves.
As long as the initial conditions remain the same, the generated sets of numbers should be the same. You could give the initial conditions as parameters and generate multiple sets of data for multiple test runs in your modules. I tried this with the simple xorshift algorithm and it generates the same sets as long as the initial condition stays the same. Here's my silly program below (sorry for the horrible variable naming):
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
static unsigned int x = 123456789;
static unsigned int y = 362436069;
static unsigned int z = 521288629;
static unsigned int w = 88675123;
unsigned int xor128(void) {
unsigned int t;
t = x ^ (x << 11);
x = y; y = z; z = w;
return w = w ^ (w >> 19) ^ (t ^ (t >> 8));
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int i;
if (argc > 1) {
unsigned int j = atoi(argv[1]);
if (j != 0) {
/* Stick in some variations into the variables */
x = j;
y = j << 2;
z = j >> 2;
w = j >> 3;
}
}
/* Generate a set of 100 at a time */
for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
printf("%u\n", xor128());
}
}